02 — The Unified Methodology

ISO 14040/44 LCA, applied to medical interventions.

ZeroPact's framework walks every assessment through the four canonical ISO phases — fully auditable, transparently scored, and tuned for healthcare.

Phase 1 · ISO 14040

Goal & Scope

Functional Unit

"Performing one standard laparoscopic cholecystectomy or 1 Digital X-Ray scan on an adult patient."

The Functional Unit (FU) is the comparable service the LCA quantifies. Every impact number on this platform is normalised back to the FU.

System Boundary

Raw materials

In scope

Manufacturing

In scope

Distribution

In scope

Clinic use

In scope

Hazardous waste incineration

In scope

Medical-grade assessments use cradle-to-grave by default — including hazardous incineration — because end-of-life dominates impact for many consumables.